Toxic Shock Syndrome or TSS

Signs and Symptoms:
There are two different types of toxic shock syndrome: one caused by Staphylococcus bacteria (TSS), and another caused by Group A Streptococcus bacteria, called streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). TSS and STSS have different symptoms.  The one we will discuss here is TSS.

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS)
Toxic shock syndrome from Staphylococcus starts suddenly with vomiting, high fever (temperature at least 102 degrees Fahrenheit, or 38.8 degrees Celsius), a rapid drop in blood pressure (with lightheadedness or fainting), watery diarrhea, headache, sore throat, and muscle aches. Within 24 hours, a sunburn-like rash appears. There also may be bloodshot eyes and an unusual redness under the eyelids or inside the mouth (and vagina in females). On days 3 and 4 of the illness, broken blood vessels may appear on the skin. Other symptoms may include: confusion or other mental changes; decreased urination; fatigue and weakness; thirst; weak and rapid pulse; pale, cool, moist skin; and rapid breathing, leading to shock.

Women can reduce their risk of TSS by either avoiding tampons or alternating them with sanitary napkins. If a woman uses only tampons, she should choose tampons with the lowest absorbency that will handle her menstrual flow and change them frequently. Between menstrual periods, she should store tampons away from heat and moisture (where bacteria can grow) - for example, in her room rather than in a bathroom closet. Since Staphylococcus bacteria are often carried on dirty hands, women who use tampons should wash their hands thoroughly before and after inserting a tampon. Any woman who has recovered from TSS should check with her doctor before using tampons again.